"Mosul" sayfasının sürümleri arasındaki fark
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| + | '''Mosul''' ({{lang-ar|الموصل}} ''{{transl|ar|al-Mawṣil}}'', <small>[[North Mesopotamian Arabic]]:</small> ''{{transl|ayp|el-Mōṣul}}''; {{lang-ku|مووسڵ}},{{lang-syr|ܡܘܨܠ|[[Syriac Latin alphabet|Māwṣil]]}}, {{lang-tr|Musul}}) is a city in northern [[Iraq]]. Since October 2016 it has been the site of a military operation led by the Iraqi Government, under [[Haider al-Abadi]], in an effort to dislodge and defeat militant forces. The city has been under the control of the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] since June 2014, and no westerner has entered the city until the latest initiative. The [[Battle of Mosul (2016–17)|Battle of Mosul]], a military offensive to retake the city begun in October 2016, is the largest deployment of Iraqi forces since the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|2003 invasion]] by U.S. and coalition forces.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hawramy|first1=Fazel|last2=Harding|first2=Luke|title=Iraqi and Kurdish forces close in on Mosul after making quick gains|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/20/mosul-attack-kurdish-forces-launch-large-scale-operation-against-isis-in-iraq|accessdate=20 October 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=20 October 2016}}</ref> | ||
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| + | Located some {{convert|400|km|abbr=on}} north of [[Baghdad]], the city stands on the west bank of the [[Tigris]], opposite the ancient [[Old Assyrian Empire|Assyrian]] city of [[Nineveh]] on the east bank. The metropolitan area has grown to encompass substantial areas on both the "Left Bank" (east side) and the "Right Bank" (west side), as the two banks are described by the locals compared to the flow direction of Tigris. | ||
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| + | At the start of the 21st century, Mosul and its surrounds had an ethnically and religiously diverse population; the majority of Mosul's population were [[Arabs]], with [[Assyrian people|Assyrians]],<ref>Soane, E.B. ''To Mesopotamia and Kurdistan in Disguise.'' John Murray: London, 1912. p. 92.</ref><ref>Rev. W.A. Wigram (1929). ''The Assyrians and Their Neighbours.'' London.</ref><ref>Unrepresented Nations and People Organization (UNPO). ''Assyrians the Indigenous People of Iraq'' [1]</ref> [[Armenians]], [[Iraqi Turkmens|Turkmens]], [[Kurds in Iraq|Kurds]], [[Yazidis]], [[Shabaki dialect|Shabakis]], [[Mandaeans]], [[Gypsies in Iraq|Kawliya]], [[Circassians]] in addition to other, smaller ethnic minorities. In religious terms, mainstream [[Sunni Islam]] was the largest religion, but with a significant number of followers of the [[Salafi movement]] and [[Christianity]] (the latter followed by the Assyrians and Armenians), as well as [[Shia Islam]], [[Sufism]], Yazidism, [[Shabakism]], [[Yarsanism]] and [[Mandaeism]]. | ||
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| + | The city's population grew rapidly around the turn of the millennium and by 2004 was estimated to be 1,846,500.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Mosul.aspx |title=Mosul |publisher=''Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa'' |date=1 January 2004}}</ref> An estimated half million people fled Mosul in the second half of 2014 when the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|IS]] fought with government forces for control of the city. On November 17, 2014, ISIS attacked the city of Mosul, ultimately killing seven civilians, two soldiers, and wounding 35 others.<ref name="ohchr">{{cite web |format=PDF |url=http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/IQ/UNAMI_OHCHR_POC_Report_FINAL_6July_10September2014.pdf |title=Report on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict in Iraq: 6 July – 10 September 2014 |publisher=[[United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq|UNAMI]] and [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights|OHCHR]] |accessdate=21 December 2014}}</ref> While some residents returned, more fled in 2015 as fighting and violence increased, and US bombings pounded the city. | ||
12:02, 4 Eylül 2019 tarihindeki hâli
Şablon:About Şablon:Redirect Şablon:Original research Şablon:Infobox settlement
Mosul (Şablon:Lang-ar Şablon:Transl, North Mesopotamian Arabic: Şablon:Transl; Şablon:Lang-ku,Şablon:Lang-syr, Şablon:Lang-tr) is a city in northern Iraq. Since October 2016 it has been the site of a military operation led by the Iraqi Government, under Haider al-Abadi, in an effort to dislodge and defeat militant forces. The city has been under the control of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant since June 2014, and no westerner has entered the city until the latest initiative. The Battle of Mosul, a military offensive to retake the city begun in October 2016, is the largest deployment of Iraqi forces since the 2003 invasion by U.S. and coalition forces.<ref>Şablon:Cite news</ref>
Located some Şablon:Convert north of Baghdad, the city stands on the west bank of the Tigris, opposite the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on the east bank. The metropolitan area has grown to encompass substantial areas on both the "Left Bank" (east side) and the "Right Bank" (west side), as the two banks are described by the locals compared to the flow direction of Tigris.
At the start of the 21st century, Mosul and its surrounds had an ethnically and religiously diverse population; the majority of Mosul's population were Arabs, with Assyrians,<ref>Soane, E.B. To Mesopotamia and Kurdistan in Disguise. John Murray: London, 1912. p. 92.</ref><ref>Rev. W.A. Wigram (1929). The Assyrians and Their Neighbours. London.</ref><ref>Unrepresented Nations and People Organization (UNPO). Assyrians the Indigenous People of Iraq [1]</ref> Armenians, Turkmens, Kurds, Yazidis, Shabakis, Mandaeans, Kawliya, Circassians in addition to other, smaller ethnic minorities. In religious terms, mainstream Sunni Islam was the largest religion, but with a significant number of followers of the Salafi movement and Christianity (the latter followed by the Assyrians and Armenians), as well as Shia Islam, Sufism, Yazidism, Shabakism, Yarsanism and Mandaeism.
The city's population grew rapidly around the turn of the millennium and by 2004 was estimated to be 1,846,500.<ref>Şablon:Cite web</ref> An estimated half million people fled Mosul in the second half of 2014 when the IS fought with government forces for control of the city. On November 17, 2014, ISIS attacked the city of Mosul, ultimately killing seven civilians, two soldiers, and wounding 35 others.<ref name="ohchr">Şablon:Cite web</ref> While some residents returned, more fled in 2015 as fighting and violence increased, and US bombings pounded the city.
