Muslim sayfasının kaynağını görüntüle

{{other uses|Muslim (name)|Muslim (disambiguation)}}
{{distinguish|Muslin}}
{{pp-semi|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{infobox religious group
 | group = Muslims
 | native_name = {{lang-ar|مسلم}}
 | population = '''1.6 billion''' worldwide <small>(2010 est.)</small><ref name=JDB>{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projection-table/2010/number/all/|title=The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050|date=2 April 2015|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=22 February 2017}}</ref>
 |founder = [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]]
 | image     = File:Карло Боссоли. Татарская школа для детей.jpg
 | caption   = An [[Imam]] teaches the [[Qur'an]] in [[Crimea]], (1850s, lithograph by [[Carlo Bossoli]]).
 | region1 = {{flag|Indonesia}}
 | pop1 = 209,120,000
 | ref1 = <ref name=JDB/>

 | region2 = {{flag|India}}
 | pop2 = 176,200,000
 | ref2 = <ref name="JDB"/>

 | region3 = {{flag|Pakistan}}
 | pop3 = 167,410,000
 | ref3 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region4 = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
 | pop4 = 134,430,000
 | ref4 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region5 = {{nowrap|{{flag|Nigeria}}}}
 | pop5 = 77,300,000
 | ref5 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region6 = {{flag|Egypt}}
 | pop6 = 76,990,000
 | ref6 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region7 = {{flag|Iran}}
 | pop7 = 73,570,000
 | ref7 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region8 = {{flag|Turkey}}
 | pop8 = 71,330,000
 | ref8 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region9 = {{flag|Algeria}}
 | pop9 = 34,730,000
 | ref9 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region10 = {{flag|Morocco}}
 | pop10 = 31,930,000
 | ref10 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region11 = {{flag|Iraq}}
 | pop11 = 31,340,000
 | ref11 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region12 = {{flag|Afghanistan}}
 | pop12 = 31,330,000
 | ref12 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region13 = {{flag|Sudan}}
 | pop13 = 30,490,000
 | ref13 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region14 = {{flag|Ethiopia}}
 | pop14 = 28,680,000
 | ref14 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region15 = {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
 | pop15 = 26,550,000
 | ref15 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region16 = {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
 | pop16 = 25,520,000
 | ref16 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region17 = {{flag|China}}
 | pop17 = 24,690,000
 | ref17 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region18 = {{flag|Yemen}}
 | pop18 = 23,830,000
 | ref18 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region19 = {{flag|Syria}}
 | pop19 = 18,930,000
 | ref19 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region20 = {{flag|Malaysia}}
 | pop20 = 18,100,000
 | ref20 = <ref name="JDB" />

 | region21 = Rest of the world
 | pop21 = 287,230,000
 | ref21 = <ref name="JDB" />
 | languages = {{Plainlist|
* '''Predominant spoken languages:'''<ref>{{cite report|url=http://media.johnwiley.com.au/product_data/excerpt/47/04706745/0470674547-196.pdf|title=Chapter 1: Global Religious Populations, 1910–2010|last1=Grim|first1=Brian J.|last2=Johnson|first2=Todd M.|date=2013|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.|access-date=10 March 2017|page=22}}</ref><br>{{Hlist|[[Arabic language|Arabic]]|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]|[[Urdu]]|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]|[[Turkish language|Turkish]]|[[Javanese language|Javanese]]|[[Hausa language|Hausa]]|[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]]|[[Persian language|Farsi]]|[[Sundanese language|Sundanese]]|other [[vernacular]] languages of the [[Muslim world]]}}
 }}
'''Sacred languages:'''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Al-Jallad|first=Ahmad|title=Polygenesis in the Arabic Dialects|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-arabic-language-and-linguistics/polygenesis-in-the-arabic-dialects-EALL_SIM_000030?s.num=1&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopedia-of-arabic-language-and-linguistics&s.q=neo-arabic|language=en}}</ref><br />{{Hlist|[[Classical Arabic]]}}
 | scriptures = [[Qur'an]]<ref name="Britannica">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Hossein | authorlink=Seyyed Hossein Nasr | title=Qurʼān |year=2007| encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online | accessdate=2007-11-04|location=|publisher=|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-68890/Quran}}</ref>
 | religions = 65–75% [[Sunni Islam]]<ref name=Distrib>{{cite web|title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf|date=October 2009|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=22 February 2017|quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|name=Denied|Original source estimated 87–90% of Muslims to adhere to Sunni Islam but counted almost all non-denominational Muslims as Sunni. To get more accurate estimation, percentage of Non-denominational Muslims (15–20%) was subtracted from the original estimation}}<br>
10–13% [[Shia Islam]]<ref name=Distrib/><br>
15–20% [[Non-denominational Muslim|Non-denominational Islam]]<ref name=affiliation>{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity|title=Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation|date=August 9, 2012|work=The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]'s Religion & Public Life Project|accessdate=4 September 2013}}</ref><br>
~1% [[Ahmadiyya]]<ref name="ahmadi" />
~1% Other Muslim traditions, e.g. [[Ibadi Islam]]<ref name=affiliation/>
}}
{{Islam}}

A '''Muslim''' is someone who follows or practices [[Islam]], a [[monotheistic]] [[Abrahamic religions|Abrahamic religion]]. Muslims consider the [[Quran]] (Koran), their [[holy book]], to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam|God]] as revealed to the [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Islamic prophet and messenger]] [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]]. They also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad (''[[sunnah]] '') as recorded in traditional accounts (''[[hadith]]'').<ref>{{cite book|title=The Qurʼan and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selections Annotated & Explained|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vzx8HlsGnTcC&pg=PR21|accessdate=31 August 2013|year=2007|publisher=SkyLight Paths Publishing|isbn=978-1-59473-222-5|pages=21–}}</ref> "Muslim" is an [[Arabic language|Arabic word]] meaning "one who submits (to God)".<ref>{{cite web|title=Muslim|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim|publisher=etymonline.com}}</ref>

The beliefs of Muslims include: that God ({{lang-ar|{{large|الله}}}} ''[[Allāh|{{transl|ar|ALA|Allāh}}]]'') is eternal, transcendent and absolutely one (''[[tawhid]]'' or monotheism); that God is incomparable, self-sustaining and neither begets nor was begotten; that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that has been revealed before through many prophets including [[Abraham in Islam|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam|Moses]], [[Ishmael in Islam|Ishmael]] and [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]];<ref name="People-of-the-Book" /> that these previous messages and revelations have been partially changed or corrupted over time (''[[tahrif]]'')<ref name="Distorted" /> and that the Qur'an is the final unaltered revelation from God (The Final Testament).<ref>Submission.org, Quran: The Final Testament, Authorized English Version with Arabic Text, Revised Edition IV,ISBN 0-9729209-2-7, p. x.</ref>

The religious practices of Muslims are enumerated in the [[Five Pillars of Islam]]: the declaration of faith (''[[shahadah]]''), daily prayers (''[[salat]]''), fasting during the month of [[Ramadan]] (''[[sawm]]''), almsgiving (''[[zakat]]''), and the pilgrimage to [[Mecca]] (''[[hajj]]'') at least once in a lifetime.<ref name="WSU" /><ref name="CIA" />

==Who counts as a Muslim==
There are customs stating that anyone above the age of fifteen who possesses the faculties of rationality, logic or sanity, but misses numerous successive Friday prayers (''[[jumu'ah]]'') without a valid excuse, no longer qualifies as a Muslim.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rippin|first1=Andrew|title=Textual Sources for the Study of Islam|date=1986|page=91}}</ref><ref>The Five Pillars of Islam, p 101, Musharraf Hussain - 2012</ref>

Most Muslims will accept anyone who has publicly pronounced Shahadah as a Muslim.<ref>{{cite web|title=How to become a Muslim|url=http://www.greenlanemasjid.org/uploads/CMS/Documents/8%20-%20How%20to%20Become%20a%20Muslim.pdf|accessdate=18 October 2016|format=pdf}}</ref> The ''shahadah'' states:

{{quote|There is no god but the God (Allah) and Muhammad is the last messenger of the God.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.essaouira.nu/culture_arabic.htm|title=Arabic phrases and about Islam|publisher=essaouira.nu}}</ref>}}

The testimony authorized by God in the Quran can found in Surah 3:18 states.<ref name="TrueIslam">{{Cite web|url=http://quran-islam.org/main_topics/al-shahada_(P1191).html|title=True Islam - Al-Shahada|website=True Islam - Al-Shahada|access-date=6 May 2016}}</ref>

"There is no god except God", which in Arabic (La Elaha Ella Allah), is the exact testimony which God Himself utters, as well as the angels and those who possess knowledge utter.<ref name="TrueIslam"/>

==Lexicology==
{{see also|Islam#Etymology and meaning}}
The word ''muslim'' ({{lang-ar|مسلم}}, {{IPA-ar|ˈmʊslɪm|IPA}}; {{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|m|ʌ|z|l|ᵻ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|z|l|ᵻ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|s|l|ᵻ|m}} or ''moslem'' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|z|l|ə|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|s|l|ə|m}}<ref name="muslim pron" />) is the [[active participle]] of the same verb of which ''islām'' is a [[verbal noun]], based on the [[triliteral]] ''[[S-L-M]]'' "to be whole, intact".<ref>Burns & Ralph, ''World Civilizations'', 5th ed., p. 371.</ref><ref>Entry for ''šlm'', p. 2067, Appendix B: Semitic Roots, ''The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language'', 4th ed., Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ISBN 0-618-08230-1.</ref> A female adherent is a ''muslima'' ({{lang-ar|مسلمة}}) (also [[transliteration|transliterated]] as "Muslimah"<ref>[http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/muslimah Muslimah]. ''Oxford Dictionaries''. Oxford University Press. 2016</ref> ). The plural form in Arabic is ''muslimūn'' ({{lang|ar|مسلمون}}) or ''muslimīn'' ({{lang|ar|مسلمين}}), and its feminine equivalent is ''muslimāt'' ({{lang|ar|مسلمات}}). The Arabic form ''muslimun'' is the stem IV [[Arabic grammar#Participle|participle]]{{refn|group=note|name=participle|also known as "infinitive"}} of the triliteral ''S-L-M''.

The ordinary word in English is "Muslim". It is sometimes [[transliteration|transliterated]] as "Moslem", which is an older spelling.{{citation needed|date=October 2016}} The word ''[[Mosalman]]'' ({{lang-fa|مسلمان}}, alternatively ''Mussalman'') is a common equivalent for ''Muslim'' used in Central Asia. Until at least the mid-1960s, many English-language writers used the term ''[[Mohammedan]]s'' or ''Mahometans''.<ref>See for instance the second edition of ''[[Fowler's Modern English Usage|A Dictionary of Modern English Usage]]'' by [[Henry Watson Fowler|H. W. Fowler]], revised by [[Ernest Gowers]] (Oxford, 1965).</ref> Although such terms were not necessarily intended to be [[pejorative]], Muslims argue that the terms are offensive because they allegedly imply that Muslims worship Muhammad rather than God.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| last = Gibb| first = Sir Hamilton| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey| year = 1969| page=1 | quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref> Other obsolete terms include ''Muslimite''<ref>{{Cite OED|Muslimite}}</ref> and ''Muslimist''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Abbas|first1=Tahir|title=Muslim Britain: Communities Under Pressure|date=2005|pages=50}}</ref>

'''Musulmán'''/'''Mosalmán''' ({{lang-fa|مسلمان}}) is a synonym for ''Muslim'' and is modified from [[Arabic language|Arabic]]. It is the origin of the [[Spanish language|Spanish]] word ''{{lang|es|musulmán}}'', the (dated) [[German language|German]] ''{{lang|de|Muselmann}}'', the French word ''musulman'', the [[Polish language|Polish]] words ''{{lang|pl|muzułmanin}}'' and ''{{lang|pl|muzułmański}}'', the [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] word ''{{lang|pt|muçulmano}}'', the [[Italian language|Italian]] word ''{{lang|it|mussulmano}}'' or ''{{lang|it|musulmano}}'', the [[Romanian language|Romanian]] word ''musulman'' and the [[Greek Language|Greek]] word {{lang|el|μουσουλμάνος}} (all used for a Muslim).<ref>[http://www.religion-encyclopedia.com/M/musalman.htm Musalman] - Internet Encyclopedia of Religion</ref> In English it was sometimes spelled '''Mussulman''' and has become [[Archaism|archaic]] in usage.

Apart from Persian, Spanish, Polish, Portuguese, Italian, and Greek, the term could be found, with obvious local differences, in [[Armenian language|Armenian]], [[Dari (Persian dialect)|Dari]], [[Pashto language|Pashto]], [[Urdu]], [[Hindi]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Panjabi language|Panjabi]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]], [[Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]], [[Azerbaijani language|Azeri]], [[Maltese language|Maltese]], [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]], [[Czech language|Czech]], [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]], [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Serbian language|Serbian]], [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]], [[Romanian language|Romanian]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], and [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]].

==Meaning==
[[File:Men praying at Babur Gardens in 2010.jpg|thumb|[[Demography of Afghanistan|Afghan]] Muslims praying inside [[Bagh-e Babur|Gardens of Babur]] in [[Kabul]], [[Afghanistan]].]]

The Muslim philosopher [[Ibn Arabi]] said:

{{Quote|A Muslim is a person who has dedicated his worship exclusively to God...''Islam'' means making one's religion and faith God's alone.<ref>''Commentary on the Qur'an'', Razi, I, p. 432, Cairo, 1318/1900</ref>}}

===Used to describe earlier prophets in the Qur'an===
The Qur'an describes many prophets and messengers within Judiaism and Christianity, and their respective followers, as Muslim: [[Adam (Bible)|Adam]], [[Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam|Abraham]], [[Jacob]], [[Islamic view of Moses|Moses]], [[Ishmael in Islam|Ishmael]], and [[Islamic view of Jesus|Jesus]] and his [[apostles]] are all considered to be Muslims in the Qur'an. The Qur'an states that these men were Muslims because they submitted to God, preached His message and upheld His values, which included praying, charity, fasting and pilgrimage. Thus, in Surah 3:52 of the Qur'an, Jesus' disciples tell him, "We believe in God; and you be our witness that we are Muslims (''wa-shahad be anna muslimūn'')." In Muslim belief, before the Qur'an, God had given the [[Tawrat]] ([[Torah]], [[Old Testament]]) to Moses, the [[Zabur]] ([[Psalms]]) to [[David]] and the [[Injil]] ([[Gospel]], [[New Testament]]) to Jesus, who are all considered important [[Prophets of Islam|Muslim prophets]].

==Demographics==
[[File:Islam percent population in each nation World Map Muslim data by Pew Research.svg|thumb|World Muslim population by percentage ({{as of|2010|alt=2010 data|lc=on}} from [[Pew Research Center]]).]]
{{main|Islam#Demographics}}
{{see also|List of countries by Muslim population}}

The most populous Muslim-majority country is Indonesia, home to 12.7% of the world's Muslims,<ref name="Distrib" /> followed by Pakistan (11.0%), Bangladesh (9.2%), and Egypt (4.9%).<ref name="Islam_by_country" /> About 20% of the world's Muslims lives in the Middle East and North Africa,<ref name="Distrib" /><ref>{{Cite book
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 978-0-19-515713-0
| last = Esposito
| first = John L.
| title = What everyone needs to know about Islam
| page = 21
| date = 15 October 2002
}} and {{Cite book
| edition = Rev. 3rd ed., updated with new epilogue.
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 978-0-19-518266-8
| last = Esposito
| first = John
| title = Islam : the straight path
| location = New York
| pages = 2, 43
| year = 2005
}}</ref>

Sizable minorities are also found in [[Islam in India|India]], [[Islam in China|China]], [[Islam in Russia|Russia]], [[Islam in Ethiopia|Ethiopia]], [[Islam in the Americas|the Americas]], [[Islam in Australia|Australia]] and parts of [[Islam in Europe|Europe]]. The country with the highest proportion of self-described Muslims as a proportion of its total population is Morocco.<ref name="JDB" /> Converts and immigrant communities are found in almost every part of the world.

Over 75–90% of Muslims are [[Sunni]].<ref name=Sunni /><ref name="Sunni Islam" /> The second and third largest sects, [[Shia]] and [[Ahmadiyya]], make up 10–20%,<ref name=Shia /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |accessdate=25 August 2010 |work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide...}}</ref> and 1%<ref name="ahmadi" /> respectively.

With about 1.6 billion followers, almost a quarter of [[world population|earth's population]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/religion/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god |title=No God But God |work=Thomas W. Lippman |quote=''Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the world's great monotheistic faiths. It is a unique religion based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions—modifying some and rejecting others.'' |date=7 April 2008|accessdate=25 August 2010}}</ref><ref name="Distrib"/><ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.cnn.com/2009-10-07/world/muslim.world.population_1_god-but-god-middle-east-distant?_s=PM:WORLD | publisher=CNN | title=Nearly 1 in 4 people worldwide is Muslim, report says | date=12 October 2009}}</ref> Islam is the [[major religious groups|second-largest]] and the [[Growth of religion|fastest-growing religion in the world]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html|title=The fastest growing religion in the world is ...|last=Burke|first=Daniel|publisher=CNN|access-date=6 May 2016}}</ref> due primarily to the young age and high [[fertility rate]] of Muslims,<ref name="pew"/> with Muslim having a rate of (3.1) compared to the world average of (2.5). According to the same study [[Religious conversion|religious switching]] has no impact on Muslim population, since the number of people who [[Convert to Islam|embrace Islam]] and those who [[Apostasy in Islam|leave Islam]] are roughly equal.<ref name="pew">{{cite report|url=http://www.euro-muslims.eu/future_global.pdf|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|publisher=Pew Research Center|date=January 27, 2011|access-date=March 10, 2017}}</ref>

A Pew Center study in 2011, found that Muslims have the highest number of adherents under the age of 15 (or- 34% of the total Muslim population) of any major religion, while only 7% are aged 60+ (the smallest percentage of any major religion). According to the same study Muslims have also the highest [[fertility rate]]s (3.1) than any other major religious group.<ref name="Pew2016">{{cite web |access-date=December 19, 2016 |title=Religion and Education Around the World |url=http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=December 13, 2016}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Non-denominational Muslim]]
* [[Islamic schools and branches]]
* [[Muhammadan]]
* [[Lists of Muslims]]
* [[Muslim holidays]]
* [[Muslim world]]
* [[Musulman]]
* [[Mu'min]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="People-of-the-Book">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithpeople.html |title=People of the Book |work=[[Islam: Empire of Faith]] |publisher=[[PBS]]|accessdate=18 December 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="Distorted">See: 
* Accad (2003): According to [[Ibn Taymiyya]], although only some Muslims accept the textual veracity of the entire Bible, most Muslims will grant the veracity of most of it. 
* Esposito (1998), pp.6,12
* Esposito (2002b), pp.4–5
* F. E. Peters (2003), p.9
* {{cite encyclopedia | title=Muhammad | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online | author=F. Buhl |author2=A. T. Welch}}
* {{cite encyclopedia | title=Tahrif | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online | author=Hava Lazarus-Yafeh}}</ref>

<ref name="WSU">{{cite web |url=http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/5PILLARS.HTM |title=arkan ad-din the five pillars of religion |publisher=[[Washington State University]] |location=United States |first=Richard |last=Hooker |date=14 July 1999|accessdate=17 November 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203124633/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/5PILLARS.HTM <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archivedate=3 December 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="CIA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |accessdate=25 August 2010 |work=[[The World Factbook]]  |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |location=United States |year=2010}}</ref>

<ref name="muslim pron">[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/muslim "Muslim"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]'': {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʌ|z|l|ᵻ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|z|l|ᵻ|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʊ|s|l|ᵻ|m}}; ''[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/moslem moslem]'' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|z|l|ə|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɒ|s|l|ə|m}}</ref>

<ref name=Distrib>{{cite web|title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf|date=October 2009|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=22 February 2017|quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.}}</ref>

<ref name=Shia>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540503/Shiite |title=Shīʿite |quote=Shīʿites have come to account for roughly one-tenth of the Muslim population worldwide. |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate=25 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100809124154/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540503/Shiite |archivedate=9 August 2010 }}</ref>

<ref name=Sunni>See: 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=NI1G_9j1AhcC&pg=PA51&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia] "some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 
* [http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x917961022/Sue-Hulett-U-S-should-focus-on-sanctions-against-Iran Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran] "Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world's Muslim population" 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=nVcmKRyID2EC&pg=PA15&dq=&hl=en&ei=e4XoTt-TDIaL8gOG692iCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=sunni%2075%25&f=false Iran, Israel and the United States] "Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population" 
* {{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite |title=Sunnite |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |quote=They numbered about 900 million in the late 20th century and constituted nine-tenths of all the adherents of Islām.|accessdate=26 August 2010}} 
* {{Cite book|title=Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures|quote=A common compromise figure ranks Sunnis at 90 percent.|volume=|year=2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|location=|isbn=0-7614-7926-0|page=352|url=https://books.google.com/?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA130&dq=Sunnis+are+90%25#v=onepage&q=Sunnis%20are%2090%25&f=false|accessdate=19 December 2011}} 
* {{cite web|url=http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |accessdate=24 August 2010 |work=[[Pew Research Center]] |quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.|date=7 October 2009}} 
* {{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709 |title=Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias |publisher=BBC News |quote=The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.|accessdate=18 December 2011 |date=6 December 2011}} 
* {{cite web|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0060) |title=Sunni and Shia Islam |publisher=[[Library of Congress Country Studies]] |quote=Sunni constitute 85 percent of the world's Muslims.|accessdate=17 December 2011}} 
* {{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm |title=Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA |work=[[USA Today]]|quote=Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.|accessdate=18 December 2011 |date=24 September 2007}} 
* {{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |accessdate=25 August 2010 |work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide...}} 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&pg=PA3&dq=Sunni+Islam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2DLuTujOEcesrAej29DdCA&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Sunni%20Islam&f=false Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide] "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community." 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4Ts0GkJBKgC&pg=PA20&dq=&hl=en&ei=hf7hTrCmNsvB8QOllfmCBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CE0Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false Inside Muslim minds] "around 80% are Sunni" 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=3w_ngX--ji4C&pg=PA103&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Who Gets To Narrate the World] "The Sunnis (approximately 80%)" 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=vD2TJNc7NE4C&pg=PA265&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFoQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=&f=false A world theology] N. Ross Reat "80% being the Sunni" 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=Q78O1mjX2tMC&pg=PA32&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CGAQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama'at] "The Sunni segment, accounting for at least 80% of the worlds Muslim population" 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=qHXbGOUuF9YC&pg=PA252&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false A dictionary of modern politics] "probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
</ref>
<ref name="Sunni Islam">From [[Sunni Islam]]: See: 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=NI1G_9j1AhcC&pg=PA51&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia] "some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 
*{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |title=Religions |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population |accessdate=8 December 2011}} 
*[http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x917961022/Sue-Hulett-U-S-should-focus-on-sanctions-against-Iran Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran] "Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world's Muslim population" 
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=nVcmKRyID2EC&pg=PA15&dq=&hl=en&ei=e4XoTt-TDIaL8gOG692iCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=sunni%2075%25&f=false Iran, Israel and the United States] "Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population" 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=qHXbGOUuF9YC&pg=PA252&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false A dictionary of modern politics] "probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni" 
* {{Cite web|url=http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |accessdate=24 August 2010 |work=[[Pew Research Center]] |quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.|date=7 October 2009}} 
* {{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6213248.stm |title=Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias |publisher=[[BBC News]] |quote=The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%.|accessdate=18 December 2011 |date=6 December 2011}} 
* {{Cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm |title=Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA |work=[[USA Today]]|quote=Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite.|accessdate=18 December 2011 |date=24 September 2007}} 
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide] "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community."
</ref>

<ref name="ahmadi">See: 
*{{Cite book|title=Breach of Faith|quote=Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate|volume=|publisher=Human Rights Watch|location=|isbn=|page=8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-jgWU83CCIOZyAPJjoDYCQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=29 March 2014 | date=June 2005}}
*{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgtgGhMUgIUC&pg=PA72&hl=en&sa=X&ei=e_E2U7GXMIrJ0QXou4CIAw&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Asian Religions in British Columbia|quote=The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world|author1=Larry DeVries |author2=Don Baker |author3=Dan Overmyer  |last-author-amp=yes |accessdate=29 March 2014|isbn=978-0-7748-1662-5|publisher=University of Columbia Press}}
*{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA23&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3fE2U56QCLGz0QXop4CoBg&ved=0CFkQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Encyclopedia of Islam|quote=The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million|author=Juan Eduardo Campo|publisher=|page=24|accessdate=29 March 2014|isbn=0-8160-5454-1}}
*{{Cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2012/01/20/january-20-2012-ahmadiyya-muslims/10124/|title=Ahmadiyya Muslims | publisher=pbs.org | accessdate=6 October 2013}}
*A figure of 10-20 million represents approximately 1% of the Muslim population. See also [[Ahmadiyya by country]].</ref>
<ref name="Islam_by_country">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/rel_isl_num_of_mus-religion-islam-number-of-muslim
|title=Number of Muslim by country|publisher=nationmaster.com|accessdate=30 May 2007}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
{{wiktionary|مسلمان}}
{{Wiktionary|Wikisaurus:Muslim}}
{{Commons category|Muslims}}
*[http://www.islamicsupremecouncil.org/understanding-islam/legal-rulings/53-ritual-prayer-its-meaning-and-manner.html Ritual Prayer: Its Meaning and Manner] – The Islamic Supreme Council of America.
*[http://teachmiddleeast.lib.uchicago.edu/historical-perspectives/rulership-and-justice/islamic-period/essay/essay-02.html Muhammad and the First Muslim Ummah] – University of Chicago.
* [http://www.islamophobiatoday.com/ ''Islamophobia Today'' Newspaper] - An Islamophobia news clearing house
* [http://www.academia.edu/24419416/UNDERSTANDING_and_COUNTERING_ISLAMOPHOBIA Sammy Aziz Rahmatti, ''Understanding and Countering Islamophobia''.]
*[[Wiktionary:Wikisaurus:Muslim|WikiSaurus:Muslim]]
* {{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/understanding-islam |title=Understanding Islam |work=Susan Headden |date=7 April 2008 |accessdate=25 August 2010}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html |title=Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents |publisher=[[Adherents.com]] |accessdate=3 July 2007}}

{{Characters and names in the Quran}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Muslims| ]]
[[Category:Islam| ]]
[[Category:Quranic words and phrases]]
[[Category:Religious identity]]